Punic Wars (May 15)

The Punic Wars were three wars fought between Rome and Carthage between 264 and 146 B.C.E.
The first Punic war, won by Rome, consisted of naval battles for control of Sicily. The second Punic war, also won by Rome, consisted of 29-year-old Carthaginian general Hannibal attacking Rome from the north via elephant after crossing Iberia (Spain) and the Alps. Despite laying siege to much of the peninsula for 15 years, Hannibal never took Rome.
The final Punic war came next, when Rome wanted to get rid of Carthage. Scipio, Tiberius Gracchus, and others attacked the city, and Carthage burned for 17 days. The walls and buildings were all completely ruined. By the end of the war, 50,000 people in the city were sold into slavery, and the rest of Carthage's territories were annexed and made into the Roman province of Africa.
Due to the war, there were almost a million slaves in Italy by the end of the second century B.C.E. and farmers lost their land to aristocrats. Slaves worked on large farms owned by the rich, and these massive estates were called latifundia.

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